ᑭᓇᒨᒻᒪ¯ᑦ Daniel Gendron and Hervé Monchot
ᑲᖏᕐᓱᔪᐊᖅ, ᓄᕘᑉ ᓯᕿᓂᖓᑕ ᓯᑦᔭᖓᓃᑦᓱᓂ (ᐅᖓᕙᐅᑉ ᑎᑭᕋᖓᓂ, ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ), ᓄᕿᑎᕆᓯᒪᓕᕐᑐᖅ ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑕᕐᓂᐊᑎᓂᒃ 40 ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ ᐃᒣᓘᕐᓯᒪᓚᕿᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓇᓗᓀᕐᓯᓱᑎᒃ ᐊᒥᓱᐃᓂᒃ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᑦᔨᒌᓐᖏᑐᓄᑦ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᑦᑐᓄᑦ (ᐆᑦᑑᑎᒋᓗᒋᑦ ᑐᓂᕐᖄᕕᓂᕐᓄᑦ, ᑐᓂᕐᓄᑦ, ᐃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᖄᕕᓂᕐᓄᑦ, ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ) ᓄᓇᒥᐅᒍᕙᑦᑐᕕᓂᐅᒻᒪᑕ 4000-ᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑲᓵᓂ, ᐃᓚᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖁᓪᓕᓴᔭᕐᓂᐊᕖᑦ ᐅᓪᓗᓕᐅᕐᑕᐅᒪᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᑐᓃᑦ ᑌᑲᓃᓕᕐᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᒻᒪᖄ 2000 ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ ᐊᓂᒍᓕᕐᑐᑦ. ᑖᒃᑯᓇᓂ ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᑕᑯᑦᓴᑕᓖᒃ ᑮᓇᓐᖑᐊᓂᒃ (ᖁᓪᓕᓴᔭᕐᒥ ᑮᓇᓐᖑᐊᓕᐊᕆᓯᒪᔪᑦ). ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅ ᖃᔭᕐᑕᓕᒻᒦᑐᖅ (JhEv-1)-ᒍᓂᕋᕐᑕᒥ, ᑐᖓᓕᐊᓗ ᐅᐱᕐᖏᕕᒻᒦᑎᓪᓗᒍ (-1)-ᒍᓂᕋᕐᑕᒥ. ᐊᕐᕌᒎᓯᒪᓕᕐᑐᓂ, ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑕᕐᓂᐊᑏᑦ ᓇᓗᓀᕐᓯᓯᒪᓕᕐᑐᑦ 100 ᐅᖓᑖᓅᕐᑐᓂᒃ ᖃᖓᓕᒫᑦᓯᐊᖅ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᕙᑦᑐᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᑦᓱᐃᑐᒻᒪᕆᐅᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᐊᑦᔨᒌᓐᖏᑑᑦᓱᑎᓗ ᐃᓄᖃᕐᐸᓂᕕᓂᖏᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᓐᓇᑎᑕᐅᒍᓐᓇᑐᑦ ᐱᐅᔪᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓀᑦ ᑖᕙᓃᑦᑐᑦ, ᑌᒪᓐᖓᓕᒫᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓅᑲᑦᑕᓲᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᐃᑦ ᑖᕘᓈᓲᒍᒻᒪᑕ ᐅᑯᐊ ᐆᒪᔪᐃᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ (ᐁᕖᑦ, ᐊᑦᔨᒌᓐᖏᑐᑦ ᓇᑦᓰᑦ, ᕿᓚᓗᒉᑦ), ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ ᑎᒻᒥᐊᓗ ᐃᒪᕐᓂᒃ ᕿᑭᕐᑕᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᒥᓪᓗ ᐆᒪᑎᑦᓯᔪᕐᔪᐊᒍᒻᒪᑕ. ᑖᕙᓐᓇ ᐊᐅᒃᑲᓂᕐᑕᖃᕐᒥᔪᖅ (ᐃᒪᐅᑉ ᐃᓚᖓ ᓯᑯᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᓐᖏᑐᖅ), ᑌᒣᑦᓱᓂ ᐃᓅᕕᑦᓴᓯᐊᒻᒪᕆᒃ.
ᔪᓓ 2010-ᒥ, ᑲᖏᕐᓱᔪᐊᑉ ᓄᓇᒥᒃ ᑎᒍᒥᐊᕐᑎᑯᖏᑦ, ᓄᓇᑐᕐᓕᑯᑦ, ᑎᓕᔨᔪᕕᓂᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᕙᑕᖅ ᐱᐅᓯᑐᖃᓕᕆᕕᒻᒥᒃ, ᐊᕐᖁᑎᒋᑦᓱᒍ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕕᕐᔪᐊᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᒧᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕐᓂᕆᓲᖓ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐹᕐᓯᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖃᓚᐅᔪᔪᑦ ᐃᓗᕐᕈᓯᑎᒍᑦ ᒥᕐᖑᐃᓯᓕᕆᓂᐅᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᒎᕐᑎᓗᒍ. ᐊᐅᔭᐅᕋᑖᓚᐅᕐᑐᒥ, ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕙᓪᓗᓚᐅᔪᔪᑦ ᓴᒡᒐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᖄᕕᓃᑦ/ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᒋᓚᐅᕐᑕᕕᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᖃᕐᒪᓂ, ᑲᖏᕐᓱᔪᐊᑉ ᓴᓂᐊᓂ ᐁᕕᕐᑑᓕᐊᓚᐅᔪᑦᓱᑎᓪᓗ, ᐁᕕᕐᑑᖅ ᐅᖓᓯᓐᓂᓕᒃ ᑲᖏᕐᓱᔪᐊᕐᒥᑦ 40-ᑭᓗᒦᑕᓄᑦ.
ᖃᕐᒣᑦ
ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᖅ JjFa-1-ᒍᓂᕋᕐᑕᖅ 2-ᑭᓗᒦᑕᓄᑦ ᑲᖏᕐᓱᔪᐊᑉ ᓯᕿᓂᖓᑕ ᓂᒡᒋᖓᓃᑉᐳᖅ ᖃᕐᒪᓂ. ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᖅ ᐊᒥᓲᓐᖏᑑᒐᓗᐊᓂᒃ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᕕᕕᓂᕐᑕᓕᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑖᕙᓂ ᑕᑯᑦᓴᐅᓗᐊᓐᖑᐊᑐᑦ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᕐᑐᑦ ᖃᕐᒪᕕᓃᑦ ᓇᔪᕐᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᐅᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᐃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᖄᕕᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᓗ. ᑖᕙᓐᓇ ᓱᕐᖁᐃᑕᐅᒪᒻᒥᔪᖅ ᑐᓂᖃᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᐅᒋᐊᖓ ᐃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓀᑦ ᓇᔪᒐᕕᓂᖏᑦᑕ ᐊᑖᓃᑦᑐᓂᒃ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓃᑦ ᐅᑭᐊᑦᓴᑐᖃᕐᓯᐅᑎᕕᓃᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᑐᖃᕐᓯᐅᑎᕕᓂᐅᑦᓱᑎᓗ (ᖃᕐᒪᐅᓱᑎᒃ) ᐃᑎᕐᑕᐅᒍᓐᓇᓱᑎᒃ ᑐᕐᓲᑯᑖᕐᑎᒍᑦ ᑐᕐᓲᑯᑖᕐᓗ ᐃᓗᕐᓴᖃᕐᐸᑐᕕᓂᐅᑦᓱᓂ ᐃᒃᑮᒥᒃ ᐃᑎᕐᑎᓯᑦᑌᓕᒍᑎᒥᒃ ᐃᓛᓐᓂᓗ ᕿᒪᑯᕕᒻᒥᒃ; ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓃᑦ ᐃᓗᖏᑦ ᑕᑯᑦᓴᐅᓯᐊᓐᖏᑐᑦ ᐅᔭᕋᓱᑦᔪᐃᑦ ᐃᓗᐊᓃᑦᑐᑦ ᑲᑕᒐᕐᑐᕕᓂᐅᒻᒪᑕ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᓴᒡᒐᑕᐅᓂᖓ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᕕᓂᐅᑉ 6-ᒍᓂᕋᕐᑕᐅᑉ ᑕᑯᑦᓴᑕᓕᕕᓂᖅ ᐃᒐᕕᒻᒥᒃ, ᓯᓂᕝᕕᒥᒃ ᐊᕙᑖᓃᑦᑐᒥᒃ. ᓯᓚᑖᓃᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᕙᓗᐊ ᐃᑎᕐᕕᐅᓯᐊᕈᓐᓇᑐᖅ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᐅᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓄᑦ 1-ᒦᑕᒥᒃ ᐃᑎᓂᓕᒃ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᓪᓚᖁᑎᓕᐅᕐᑕᐅᒪᑦᓱᓂᓗ ᐃᓛᑎᒍᑦ (Barré 1970, ᐊᕙᑕᖅ ᐱᐅᓯᑐᖃᓕᕆᕕᒃ 1988), ᐊᒥᓱᕕᑦᓱᓂᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ ᐅᖃᕐᓯᒪᔪᖃᕐᓱᓂ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓃᑦ ᑎᒍᓚᕕᐅᓲᒍᒋᐊᖏᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑕᑯᔭᐅᔪᖃᑦᓯᐊᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᓐᖏᒪᑦ ᑎᒍᓚᔭᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ, ᑖᕙᒃᑯᐊ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓃᑦ ᓱᕐᕋᓯᒪᑦᓯᐊᒐᓛᓐᖏᑐᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕐᑕᐅᓲᒍᑦᓱᑎᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᑎᒍᑦ ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑕᕐᓂᐊᑕᐅᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᐃᓚᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᒐᓛᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐅᕕᒐᕐᑑᓱᑎᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᑏᑦ. ᐊᓂᕐᕋᕕᓂᖅ 5-ᒍᓂᕋᕐᑕᖅ ᑕᑯᑦᓴᑕᓕᒃ ᑲᖐᒋᓇᕐᑐᖑᐊᓂᒃ ᐊᑦᔨᒌᒐᑎᒃ ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑕᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᑦᑐᐊᓱᑎᒃ ᑕᒪᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᖄᕕᓂᕐᓄᑦ/ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᑐᓂᕐᓄᓗ. ᐊᒥᓱᒐᓛᑦ ᓇᐅᓓᑦ, ᓴᕖᑦ ᑮᓇᓖᓪᓗ, ᐃᓚᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᕕᓃᑦ (ᐆᑦᑑᑎᒋᓗᒋᑦ ᓴᐅᓃᑦ ᑐᒑᔮᓪᓗ) ᑕᑯᑦᓴᑕᖃᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᐊᒥᓱᒐᓛᓂᒃ ᐆᒪᔪᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ (ᑐᒃᑐᐃᑦ, ᓇᑦᓰᑦ, ᐁᕖᑦ, ᕿᓚᓗᒉᑦ, ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗ) ᓄᐊᑕᐅᔪᕕᓃᑦ ᑌᒣᓚᓐᖔᑦ (ᐆᑦᑑᑎᒋᓗᒍ, ᐊᑦᑐᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᓐᖏᑑᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑌᑦ). ᓯᕗᓪᓕᒥ ᓴᒡᒐᕕᕕᓃᑦ ᓱᕐᖁᐃᑐᒥᒃ ᐅᑎᕐᑕᐅᓛᕐᓂᐊᑐᑦ 2011-ᒥ ᓴᒡᒐᑕᐅᒋᐊᓪᓚᓗᑎᒃ. ᑖᑦᓱᒪ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᖃᓂᑕᖃᕐᓂᖓ ᑲᖏᕐᓱᔪᐊᕐᒥᒃ ᓈᒻᒪᑐᑦᓯᐊᖅ ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑕᕐᓂᐊᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᑎᑦᓯᕕᒋᓗᒍ ᒥᕐᖑᐃᓯᒋᐊᕐᑐᑐᓂᓪᓗ ᓄᕿᑎᕆᒍᑎᒋᓗᒍ. ᓯᕗᓂᑦᓴᑎᓐᓂ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕐᑕᐅᓛᕐᑑᑉ ᐃᓚᖓ ᓴᒡᒐᑐᖃᕐᑎᓗᒍ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᕕᓂᓕᐅᒋᐊᓪᓛᑐᖃᕐᑎᓗᒍ ᑕᑯᑎᑦᓯᒍᑎᑦᓴᒥᒃ ᐳᓛᕆᐊᕐᑐᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᖅ ᑌᑦᓱᒪᓂ ᐃᓅᕙᑦᑐᕕᓃᑦ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᐃᓅᓯᖃᕐᓂᒪᖔᑕ 600 ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ ᒥᑦᓵᓃᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᓂᒍᕐᓯᒪᓕᕐᑎᓗᒋᑦ.
ᐁᕕᕐᑑᖅ
ᐁᕕᕐᑑᑉ ᑎᑭᕋᖓ, ᐊᕕᑦᓯᓯᒪᑦᓱᓂ Joy ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Whitley ᑲᖏᕐᓱᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᕘᑉ ᓯᕿᓂᖓᓃᑦᓱᓂ, ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᒪᕆᐊᓘᕗᖅ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᐃᓅᕕᐅᓲᕕᓂᐅᑦᓱᓂ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ. ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑎᖓ ᐊᑦᑐᐊᔪᒻᒪᕆᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕐᐸᓂᕕᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐁᕕᕐᓂᒃ ᑕᑯᑦᓴᑕᖃᕐᓱᓂᓗ ᐁᕕᕕᓃᑦ ᓴᐅᓂᒐᓵᓗᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑎᑭᕋᓕᒫᑦᓯᐊᒥ, ᑖᕙᓐᓇᓗ ᐅᐸᑦᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᑐᕕᓂᐅᑦᓱᓂ ᐊᒥᓱᕕᒐᓛᑦᓱᓂ ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑕᕐᓂᐊᑎᓄᑦ ᑖᕙᓂᓗ ᓇᓗᓀᕐᓯᔪᕕᓂᐅᑦᓱᑎᒃ 17-ᓂᒃ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᑌᑦᓱᒪᓐᖓᓂᐊᓗᓂᑦ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ, ᑖᕙᓂ ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑕᕐᓂᐊᑐᖃᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᓐᖏᑐᖅ ᐊᑐᕐᑐᐊᓘᓚᖓᔪᓂᒃ ᑖᕙᓂ ᓄᓇᒥ. ᐊᐅᔭᐅᓚᐅᔪᔪᖅ, ᐊᕙᑕᐅᑉ ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑕᕐᓂᐊᑎᖁᑎᖏᑦ ᐅᓪᓗᓃ ᐊᒥᓲᓐᖏᑑᒐᓗᐊᓂ ᐁᕕᕐᑑᒥᓚᐅᔪᔪᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᑎᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᒍᒪᒐᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᓃᕐᑐᒥᒃ ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑕᕐᓂᐊᓂᐅᒐᔭᕐᑐᒥᒃ. ᑖᕙᓂ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᒐᖃᓗᐊᓐᖑᐊᓚᐅᔪᔪᑦ ᒪᕐᕉᓂᒃ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᓕᕕᓃᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᒃᑯᓃᖓ:
ᓴᐅᓂᕐᑕᓕᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑌᔭᐅᒍᓯᓕᒃ “River of Bones”-ᒥᒃ (JiEv-15)-ᒍᓂᕋᕐᑕᖅ
JiEv-15-ᒍᓂᕋᕐᑕᖅ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᐅᒋᐊᖓ ᓇᓗᓀᕐᑕᐅᒋᐊᓐᖓᑐᕕᓂᖅ 2001-ᒥ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖃᕐᑎᓗᒍ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕕᕐᔪᐊᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᖓᓂ ᐆᒥᖓ ᐊᑎᓕᒻᒥᒃ `ᑐᓂᕐᓂᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ`, ᑌᑰᓇᓪᓗᑐᕐᓗ ᑖᕙᓇ ᑲᖐᒋᔭᐅᓕᕐᓱᓂ ᐊᔪᒉᑦᑐᕋᑕᐅᒻᒪᑦ ᓄᓇᑕᖓ; ᑖᕙᓐᓇᓕᒫᖅ ᐊᓂᑦᓯᕕᕕᓂᖅ ᐊᒥᓱᒻᒪᕆᐊᓗᓐᓂᒃ ᓴᐅᓂᕕᓂᕐᑕᖃᕐᓱᓂ ᓯᑐᕐᖄᓘᑉ ᓇᑎᕐᓈᖓᓐᓂ. ᑖᕙᓐᓇ ᐅᐸᑦᑕᐅᓕᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᒻᒥᔪᖅ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓐᖏᑐᑦ ᐊᓂᒍᓕᕐᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᑲᖏᕐᓱᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᑲᖏᕐᓱᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᑎᑦᓯᔪᕕᓂᐅᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᑖᕙᑦᓱᒪ ᒥᑦᓵᓄᑦ ᐊᕙᑕᕐᒥᒃ. ᐊᖏᖃᑎᖃᓚᐅᑲᑦᓱᑕ ᓄᓇᑐᕐᓕᑯᓐᓂᒃ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐹᕐᓯᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖃᓚᐅᔪᔪᒍᑦ ᑖᕙᑦᓱᒥᖓ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓱᒍ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᑕᐅᒍᓐᓇᕋᔭᕐᒪᖔᑦ ᒥᕐᖑᐃᓯᒋᐊᕐᑐᑐᓄᓪᓗ ᐅᐸᑦᑕᐅᒍᓐᓇᖃᑦᑕᕋᔭᕐᒪᖔᑦ ᑖᕙᓐᓇ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᖅ. ᑖᕙᓂ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕐᑐᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᔪᕕᓃᑦ ᑕᑯᑎᑦᓯᓚᕿᓚᐅᔪᔪᑦ ᑖᕙᑦᓱᒪ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓂᖓᓂᒃ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗᒋᐊᓪᓚᒃ, ᓇᓗᓀᕐᓯᓚᐅᔪᒻᒥᔪᒍᑦ ᒪᕐᕈᒋᐊᓪᓛᓂᒃ ᓴᐅᓂᕐᑕᓖᓐᓂᒃ ᓱᕐᖁᐃᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᑐᑦᓯᒪᒻᒪᑎᒃ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᒧᑦ ᓴᐅᓂᕐᑕᓕᒻᒧᑦ. ᑕᑯᓚᐅᔪᒻᒥᔪᒍᑦ ᑖᕙᓐᓇ ᓄᓇᒃ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᕐᓂᒪᑦ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᒻᒪᖄ 3000 ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ ᐊᓂᒍᓕᕐᑐᑦ. ᐃᒫᑕᒐ, ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᖅ ᐃᒣᓪᓗᐊᑐᒦᑦᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᒥ: ᐊᑕᐅᓯᑦ ᓯᒃᑭᑕᐅᓕᖓᑦᓱᓂ ᑭᓗᒦᑕ, ᓱᕐᖁᐃᑐᒥᓪᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᑕᐅᖃᑎᖃᓛᕐᓂᐊᓱᓂ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᒻᒥᔪᓂᒃ ᓇᔪᒐᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᐁᕕᕐᑑᒦᑦᑐᓂᒃ.
ᓴᐅᓂᑕᕐᓕᒃ ᓄᓇᒦᑦᑐᖅ 35-ᒣᓕᓂᒃ ᕿᖏᓐᓂᖃᕐᓱᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒥᓱᒐᓛᓂᒃ 100-ᒍᓈᕐᑎᑐᓂᒃ ᐅᖓᓯᓐᓂᖃᕐᓱᓂ ᑕᒪᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓯᑦᔮᓂᒃ (ᑕᕐᕋᓕᐊᕆᐊᖅ ᓯᕿᓂᓕᐊᕆᐊᓪᓗ) ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑖᕙᓃᑦᑐᑦ ᓴᐅᓃᑦ ᓇᓗᓀᕐᑕᐅᒪᔪᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᕐᓚᕕᓂᐅᒋᐊᖏᑦ ᐃᒪᕐᐱᒥᐅᑕᐅᑦᓱᑎᒃ (ᐆᑦᑑᑏᑦ: ᐁᕕᕕᓃᑦ ᐊᕐᕕᕕᓃᓪᓗ), ᑖᕙᓐᓇ ᓄᓇᒃ ᐊᔪᒉᑦᑐᕋᑕᖅ. ᑌᒣᓐᓂᖓ ᐃᒣᑦᑐᕕᓂᐅᔪᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ, ᑖᕙᓐᓇ ᓄᓇᒃ ᐊᑐᕐᑕᐅᕙᑦᑐᕕᓂᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᒍᓕᑐᐊᕐᒪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓇᑦᓴᓯᕙᑦᑐᕕᓂᐅᒻᒪᑕ ᐆᒪᔪᕐᓚᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᑐᕐᓕᒥᓅᕐᓱᒋᑦ ᐱᔭᕆᐊᑭᓐᓂᓴᕕᓂᐅᒻᒪᒎᖅ ᑌᒫᒃ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗ, ᐅᓄᕐᑐᑲᓪᓓᑦ ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑌᑦ ᓇᓗᓀᕐᑕᐅᓚᐅᔪᒻᒥᔪᑦ, ᐃᓚᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐱᐅᑎᒋᕙᑦᑕᕕᓂᖏᑦ ᓴᐅᓂᕕᓂᐅᑦᓱᑎᒃ, ᑑᒑᕕᓂᐅᑦᓱᑎᒃ, ᕿᔫᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᖁᓪᓕᓴᔭᐅᑦᓱᑎᓗ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᐅᕕᐊᕆᔭᐅᕙᑦᑐᕕᓃᑦ ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓀᑦ (ᐆᑦᑑᑏᑦ: ᓴᕕᕋᔦᓐᓇᐅᓱᑎᒃ ᓴᕖᑦ, ᖃᓪᓗᑏᑦ/ᖃᔫᑦᑌᑦ, ᓴᒃᑯᖃᐅᑎᕕᓃᑦ, ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗ). ᑖᒃᑯᓇᓐᖓᑦ ᐊᔪᒉᓐᓂᐹᖅ ᖁᑭᐅᑎᕕᓂᐅᑉ ᑐᕐᓱᐊᖓ 1800 ᐊᕐᕌᒍᖏᑦᑕ ᕿᑎᖓᓂ ᐱᓯᒪᔪᖅ. ᑖᕙᓐᓇ ᓄᓇᒃ ᐃᓄᒻᒪᕆᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᔨᔭᐅᓂᖃᓐᖏᑐᖅ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᕕᓂᐅᒋᐊᖓ ᓄᓇᕐᑐᓕᐅᓱᓂ, ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑐᐊᑦ ᑖᕙᑦᓱᒥᖓᓕᑦᑖᑐᑦ ᐃᓘᓐᓇᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᔨᔭᐅᒐᓗᐊᕐᑎᓗᒋᑦ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑲᐅᑎᑦᓯᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᑐᖅ ᖃᖓᓂᑕᐅᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓂᐅᕕᐊᕆᔭᐅᕙᑦᑐᕕᓃᑦ ᐱᐅᑏᑦ ᓇᕝᕚᑕᕕᓂᐅᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᓴᐅᓂᕐᑕᓕᒻᒥ, 1800 ᐊᕐᕌᒍᖏᓐᓂᑕᐅᔪᕆᒻᒥᔭᕗᑦ, 150 ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ ᐊᓂᒍᕐᓯᒪᓕᕐᑐᑦ.
ᑐᓃᑦ ᐃᓪᓗᑯᑖᕕᓂᖓ ᐊᒥᓱᐃᓄᑦ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᒋᔭᐅᓲᕕᓂᖅ (JiEv-4)-ᒍᓂᕋᕐᑕᒦᑦᑐᖅ
ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐹᑦᓯᐊᖅ ᐃᓪᓗᑯᑖᖅ ᓇᕝᕚᑕᐅᔪᕕᓂᖅ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ, ᑲᖏᕐᓲᑉ ᓴᓂᐊᓂ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᒥ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂᒥᐅᔭᕐᓄᑦ Norse-ᒍᓂᕋᕐᑕᓄᑦ ᐱᒋᔭᐅᔪᕆᔭᐅᔪᕕᓂᖅ, ᑐᓵᑦᓱᒍ ᑖᕙᑦᓱᒥᖓ ᓴᒡᒐᒋᐊᓐᖓᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᖅ, Thomas Lee, Thomas ᓴᓇᒋᐊᓪᓛᓚᐅᕐᓂᒪᑦ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᒋᔭᐅᕙᑦᑐᕕᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᑑᑎᒋᐊᓕᒻᒥᓂᒃ ᒪᓕᑦᓯᐊᓱᓂ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂ, ᓴᒡᒐᒋᐊᓪᓛᓂᕕᓂᖅ ᐃᓪᓗᑯᑖᒍᒻᒥᔪᒥᒃ ᖁᐊᕐᑕᐅᑉ ᓴᓂᐊᓃᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᑎᑦᓯᔪᕕᓂᖅ ᑖᕙᒃᑯᐊ ᐃᓪᓗᑯᑖᑦ ᐱᓯᒪᒻᒪᑕ ᑐᓂᕐᓂᑦ. 1970-ᐄᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᖏᑦᑕ ᓄᓐᖑᐊᓂ, Patrick Plumet ᓇᓗᓀᕐᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᓯᓐᓂᒥᔪᖅ ᐊᒥᓲᓐᖏᑑᒐᓗᐊᓂᒃ ᐊᖏᔪᐊᓗᑦᓱᑎᒃ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ, ᐃᓚᖓ ᐁᕕᕐᑑᒦᑦᑐᖅ (JiEv-4)-ᒍᓂᕋᕐᑕᒥ. ᐊᒥᓱᕕᓐᖏᑲᓗᐊᕐᓱᑕ ᑕᑯᓂᐊᖃᑦᑕᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᕐᑐᒍᑦ 1990-ᐄᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᖏᑦᑕ ᓄᓐᖑᐊᓂ 2000-ᓗ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᖏᑦᑕ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂ, ᑕᑯᒋᐊᓕᕐᕿᖃᔭᓚᐅᔪᓐᖏᑐᒍᑦ ᑌᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ. ᑕᕝᕙᓂ ᐊᐅᔭᐅᕋᑖᓚᐅᕐᑐᒥ, ᑐᑭᑖᓚᐅᔪᔪᒍᑦ ᑖᕙᑦᓱᒥᖓ ᐃᓪᓗᑯᑖᕕᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᒋᐊᓪᓚᒐᓱᐊᕈᒪᑦᓱᑕ, ᐃᓛᓂᐅᓐᖏᑐᒻᒪᕆᓪᓗ ᑕᑯᑦᓱᒍ ! ᐱᓱᓕᕐᓱᑕ `ᓴᐅᓂᕐᑕᓕᒻᒥᑦ` ᑎᑭᐅᑎᒍᒫᕐᓂᐊᓚᐅᔪᔪᒍᑦ ᐁᕕᕐᑑᑉ ᐅᐊᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᑖᕙᓃᓐᓂᕋᕐᑕᐅᓯᒪᒻᒪᑦ ᐃᓪᓗᑯᑖᖅ. 100-ᒍᓈᕐᑎᑐᓂ ᑭᓗᒦᑕᓂ ᐱᓱᓕᕐᓱᑕ, ᓇᓪᓕᕗᑦ ᑕᓴᒧᖓ ᑕᑯᓴᕐᑐᕕᓂᐅᓚᐅᔪᔪᖅ ᑕᑯᑦᓱᓂᓗ ᐃᓪᓗᑯᑖᕕᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᑲᖏᕐᓱᐊᐱᒻᒦᑐᒥᒃ ᐅᖓᓯᓐᓂᖃᕐᑎᓗᒍ 500-ᒦᑕᓄᑦ ᐃᑭᓐᓂᓴᓂᒃ ᓯᓂᑦᑕᕕᒋᖃᑦᑕᑕᑦᑎᓂᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ 1.5-ᑭᓗᒦᑕᓄᑦ ᓂᒡᒋᖓᓃᑦᑐᕕᓂᐅᓚᐅᔪᔪᖅ Plumet ᓇᕝᕚᕕᒋᒋᐊᓐᖓᓚᐅᕐᑕᕕᓂᖓᓂᑦ !
ᐃᓪᓗᑯᑖᖅ ᑕᑭᓂᓕᒃ 24-ᒦᑕᓂᒃ ᑕᑯᑦᓴᑕᖃᕐᓱᓂᓗ ᐃᓗᕐᓴᐅᖓᔪᒥᒃ. ᐊᑐᓂᑦ ᐱᑭᐊᖓᔪᑦ ᓇᓗᓀᒃᑯᑕᓖᑦ ᐊᖏᔪᒥᒃ ᓇᐸᔫᑦᓱᓂ ᐅᔭᕋᓱᑦᔪᒥᒃ. ᑐᑭᓯᔭᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᒋᔭᐅᕙᑦᑐᕕᓃᑦ ᒥᑦᓵᓄᑦ ᐊᑦᔨᒌᓐᖏᑑᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᓖᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᒋᔭᐅᕙᑦᑐᕕᓂᐅᕙᓗᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᐃᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒌᑦᑐᓄᑦ, ᐅᑭᐅᒻᒪᕆᒃ ᐊᓂᒍᑐᐊᕐᒪᐅᕙᓗᑦᑐᖅ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᓂᕐᕋᒋᔭᐅᕙᑦᑐᕕᓃᑦ ᑕᑯᑦᓴᐅᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᑦᓯᐊᖏᑦᑐᑦ, ᑌᒣᒻᒪᑦ ᐅᐱᓐᓇᖁᓚᐅᔪᔪᒍᑦ ᓇᕝᕚᓕᕐᕿᓱᒋᑦ. ᓱᕐᖁᐃᑐᒥᒃ ᑖᕙᓐᓇ ᐊᑯᓃᕐᑐᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᑕᐅᓂᖃᖃᑦᑕᓛᕐᓂᐊᑐᑦ ᐁᕕᕐᑑᖅ.
ᐃᑦᓴᓂᑕᕐᓂᐊᑕᐅᔪᓂ 2010-ᒥ ᐃᓚᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ :
Benjamin Patenaude (ᐱᑦᔭᒥᓂ ᐹᑎᓅ), Brendan Fenerty (ᑉᔨᐊᑕᓐ ᕕᐊᓄᑎ), ᒥᐊᔨ ᐅᕿᑦᑐᖅ, ᓕᓯ ᐱᓐᖑᐊᑐᖅ, ᓰᓚ ᐊᓚᑯ, ᐋᑕᒥ ᔮᑲ ᓄᑲᕐᓯᒃ, ᑕᓂᐊᓪᓕ ᔮᑲ.